Proverbs 10

This is the beginning of a section of proverbs that seems to “cut to the bone,” if you will.  Most of the verses run in tandem with an opposing circumstance or result.  If you look carefully at the examples with a willingness to find yourself often on the wrong side of the tandem, you will grow as we walk through this section.  This chapter has 13 references about Righteousness (3, 6, 7, 11, 16, 20, 21, 24, 25, 28, 30, 31, 32) which is more than any chapter in the Bible.

1 The proverbs of Solomon. A wise son maketh a glad father: but a foolish son is the heaviness of his mother.

Are you a wise son or daughter?  If you are, you honor your earthly father and mother by being so.  If you are raising children it is important to understand the purpose of your privilege.  Children get their perspective of God from their father and their picture of Christ from their mother.  This verse only hints at the difference between a child that honors his or her parents and one that does not.  The discouragement of the heart in a parent is they can clearly see the resulting calamity.  The “foolish” one is described in Pr 13:13 – 14; “13The desire accomplished is sweet to the soul: but it is abomination to fools to depart from evil. 14He that walketh with wise men shall be wise: but a companion of fools shall be destroyed.  Notice even the companion of fools is destroyed.  That lends credence to the concern of parents as to whom their children hang around with.  Running with the wrong crowd could destroy them.  The “heaviness of his mother” describes her sorrow.  A sorrow similar to that of Christ toward those that do not come to Him.   Pr 14:12 – 14: “12There is a way which seemeth right unto a man, but the end thereof are the ways of death. 13Even in laughter the heart is sorrowful; and the end of that mirth is heaviness. 14The backslider in heart shall be filled with his own ways: and a good man shall be satisfied from himself.

2 Treasures of wickedness profit nothing: but righteousness delivereth from death.

Keep in mind here that treasures are more than possessions or things.  Treasures are the things that motivate us to pursue or arrange our lives in such a way as to make us happy.  Mt. 6:21 “For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.” A drunkard might treasure having booze and righteous man might treasure having his family home safely at the end of a day.  Both would tax themselves to achieve their goals.  Actually if you think about it that way, treasure is seldom the chest full of jewels and splendor but instead the things we cherish.  The danger is that if they consume us and distract us from the things that are important, they become wickedness.

3 The LORD will not suffer the soul of the righteous to famish: but he casteth away the substance of the wicked.

This is an awesome promise from the LORD.  If you are righteous your soul will not suffer.  We have to be careful here too as the soul and the physical is not the same thing.  It is not saying you will enjoy good health here.  It is saying that your soul will not suffer.  The common torments of the soul that is suffering are of the heaviest perplexities.  Part of the relief is having Wisdom and with that Wisdom a rejuvenated Trust.  Trust is the foundation of contentment and serenity.  We will never have true happiness until we have a foundation built on Trusting in the LORD.

The substance of the wicked is simply the things they are willing to bargain away in pursuit of the ultimate treasure.  The ultimate treasure of the wicked is simply to land the one big prize of never having to do anything for the rest of their lives.  The wicked are devoid of understanding and they are without the persistence of the Holy Spirit’s discomfort.

4 He becometh poor that dealeth with a slack hand: but the hand of the diligent maketh rich.

The NIV states it like this: “Lazy hands make a man poor, but diligent hands bring wealth.”  This is nothing new to us, everyone knows that there are things we should be or could be doing. Doing them is important and doing them well is paramount but sometimes we let things get in the way.  I suppose you could say, as indicated in verse two, the treasure thing comes into play here.  What do you feel the strongest about making sure is in place?  Is it pleasure?  Is it practicality?  Is it daily necessities?  The word “diligent” in this verse means, pointed and sharp and has the sense of being very focused.

I heard a speaker one time talking about utilizing our time.  One of his demonstrations was a very simple one.  He said, “I am going to start this stop-watch.  I will let it time out exactly one minute.  During that entire one-minute you are to say nothing, do nothing, just look up here.  I have asked all of those working to clean up from our fine meal to stop as well.  I want you to see and feel how much time is in one minute.  When he started the stop watch, the room fell silent and the time seemed like forever.  You might try it.  The point was to signify that most of us have time we just don’t use time to do the right things.  A good thing to think about doing is making a simple plan for the day.  It might consist of the things that need to get done or people you need to call on the phone.  What ever your plan consists of, make sure it has time for the LORD.

5 He that gathereth in summer is a wise son: but he that sleepeth in harvest is a son that causeth shame.

Gathereth” refers to the gathering or tending to livestock.  Pr. 6:8 “Provideth her meat in the summer, and gathereth her food in the harvest.”  Again this is more about time management and the things that make a man complete.  It is important to realize there are indeed times to do things and get them done and out of the way.  The result of that is there is time for ourselves and a more peaceful time to relax and enjoy the fruits of our labors.  We seem to be enamored by the fact that we see so many having fun, we naturally assume they have their lives and responsibilities “gathered”.  They surely have not left things that need tending to, to be there.  Don’t be caught up in the psychological justifications either.  They always tell us that a person has to have that time.  Some would contend they don’t have, nor can they find, that time to relax. They have to force themselves to relax or take time off.  Pr. 26:3 “The slothful man saith, There is a lion without, I shall be slain in the streets.  If there is no way to get all that really needs to be done, tended to, then there are too many things in our life.  Now it could be there are things we place a high value of importance on that are not daily necessities.  Wisdom will set us free of those burdens gracefully.

Another way to look at this passage is where the summer is the youth of our lives and the harvest encompasses the activities of preparing for the evenings of security and relaxation we will find ourselves in when we are older.  It does not change the fact at the root of its intentions; be diligent in what you do with your time as you are allotted.  We should endeavor to make more of that allotment and make sure that the priority of that commitment is wedged deeply in our salvation.  Time is indeed a gift of His awesome Grace.  Through Wisdom’s guidance harmoniously with the desires of the Holy Spirit in us all time is supernatural.

6 Blessings are upon the head of the just: but violence covereth the mouth of the wicked.

 I find it curious how our society and even our ancestors how they have always pondered the news of daily events.  I think you would have to agree that the news these days is mostly violent.  If we turn on the TV and it says “live” and we see the cameras rolling from a helicopter, we know there is something serious going on.  It would really be something someday to see a gentleman from a helicopter hovering in the air and the commentator describing the activities as a gentleman gets out of his car.  The commentator announces, “Folks, he is out of his car.”  In a curious voice he says, “He is walking around to the other side of the car.”  “He is reaching for the car door?”  “The door is open.”  “Fred, zoom in closer so we can see.”  “Yes, he is helping his wife out of the car.”  “What a gentleman, folks!”  No, our news is filled with the torments of nature and violence of a society focused on that which is sensational.  If its not sensational, it barely deserves our time these days.  Blessings on the other hand are upon our heads.  We have to make sure we acknowledge them as often as we can.  Realizing God’s Grace and the concern He has set in place for us is the ultimate sanctity one can find.

7 The memory of the just is blessed: but the name of the wicked shall rot.

Have you ever had the occasion when you said, “What ever happened to so and so?”  Then you find out they got into trouble and after that they disappeared.  Contrast that with the memory of a just person.  Even in our time they exist.  Also note here this is the second time blessings are mentioned.  The third mention is in verse 22.  Three times in the same chapter means that Wisdom is telling us there are distinct and prominent differences between one with Wisdom and one without.

8 The wise in heart will receive commandments: but a prating fool shall fall.

“The wise in heart” has tilled the soil of his soul with the spade of preparedness and is as fertile as the legendary Nile.  They are committed to doing what it takes.  They agree and understand the purpose of LORD of harvest is to make our barns full.  Pr 3:10 “So shall thy barns be filled with plenty, and thy presses shall burst out with new wine.”  The warning here is to watch also what comes out of our mouths.  Pr. 4:24 “Put away from thee a froward mouth, and perverse lips put far from thee.” A prating fool is one that constantly runs their mouth with a high degree of rubbish.  Most of that rubbish may be in the form of profanity, offensively intended innuendos or as the Hebrew definition includes, emptiness.  Empty idle words may also be a source which is keeping us from purpose and carrying out the instructions mentioned in verse 5. 

9 He that walketh uprightly walketh surely: but he that perverteth his ways shall be known.

In order to walk uprightly (rightly) you have to be on track.  Don’t confuse this with walking around like you own the place and have the snout so far in the air you’d need a beacon to warn aircraft of your impending doom.  Walking uprightly is the gift of Wisdom as she stokes the coals of that which motivates you.  You are sure because Wisdom is sure.  Truth is sure. This is the purest form of truth, truth between you and your soul.  For out of the heart comes the wellspring of life. 

The fact that this verse also contains “his ways shall be known” referring to him “that perverteth” also refers indirectly to the uprightly surely walking dude, he too will be known.  You see, sometimes we ourselves fall into the trap of letting our pride stoke the furnace of our perspective when it comes to how we view ourselves.  This could be the warning you need to bring you back into walking uprightly and closer to Him.

10 He that winketh with the eye causeth sorrow: but a prating fool shall fall.

It should be understood that the meaning of the word “winketh” is in the negative sense.  It could be the signal or the acknowledgement of an evil act pending or completed.  It also has the sense of belittlement.  It is possible to wink at someone as to indicate you are in charge or superior in some way.    Another instance that the wink would cause sorrow is to have been winked at when something wrong happened to which when winked at suddenly you are an accomplice.  However, the prater just falls flat on his face due to his or her lack of control of their mouth.

11 The mouth of a righteous man is a well of life: but violence covereth the mouth of the wicked.

Why would violence covereth the mouth of the wicked?  If you think about it like this, they want no one to be attentive to them.  They follow the golden rule of the wicked…Pr 28:1 “The wicked flee when no man pursueth: but the righteous are bold as a lion.”  In many cases they are not even around when you need to find them.  When you do find them they often have a memory laps regarding the circumstances in question.

It is interesting to be able to have the acquaintance of a righteous man.  They have a certain charisma about them that pulls you into their words.    God promises a well of life.  The well of life is one of just that, Life.  The original Hebrew for the word “Life” used here is interesting in that it depicts eternally and everlasting.

12 Hatred stirreth up strifes: but love covereth all sins.

The word “Hatred” here is a very strong term in the Hebrew.  It implies a hatred toward man and God.  When it is used in this verse where it stirs up strifes, the word “strifes” means contentions.  It is only used in the Bible three times and all three times in Proverbs.  Pr 6:14 “Frowardness is in his heart, he deviseth mischief continually; he soweth discord.  Pr 6:19 “A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.  Hopefully you noticed the word is among those verses describing the seven abominations.

Enough about the bad lets look at the love here in this verse.  This is a human love for a human object.  Love of a man toward his fellow man, love of a man toward himself, love between man and a woman, and the love that spawns Godly sexual desire.  Many couples have experienced the joy and cleansing of this love after having some discord in their marriage.  What is meant here is that love quenches the wrong.  It erases the feelings and urges to be contentious, it brings harmony.  It can be said then, Love is harmony.

13 In the lips of him that hath understanding wisdom is found: but a rod is for the back of him that is void of understanding.

The Hebrew word for “understanding” is used several times in scripture and is translated; consider, prudent, perceive, regard, discern and even instruct.

One void of understanding will certainly encounter chastening of some sort.  Whether it is from a judge or from the LORD it will be sure to come.  Don’t be fooled into thinking those without understanding are going to sit by and wait for the inevitable.  They will scheme and concoct any number of plans to cloud their condition and circumstances.  However, their foolish condition will only keep them from seeing the culminating judgment.

14 Wise men lay up knowledge: but the mouth of the foolish is near destruction.

In this day and age, being content to know something without bragging or seeking to make public is nearly unheard of.  The majority of us when we feel we have something that no one else knows or understands we let them know.  True Wisdom is content to just know. 

The “foolish” on the other hand seemingly dangle above the pits of destruction constantly.  How many times have we seen others have to take back what they said when what they thought was fact turned out to be misinterpreted?  I have noticed lately, even the news media tries to shift the blame of their misquotes or misinterpretations by blaming someone or something which led them astray.

We have all heard the saying, “Better to keep your mouth shut and be thought a fool than to open it and remove all doubt.” -- Mark Twain.

15 The rich man's wealth is his strong city: the destruction of the poor is their poverty.

The word used here for “destruction” is interesting when used like this in that it seemingly implies the poor are destroyed.  However, the Hebrew word is translated terror or dismay or even object of terror.  So in essence the verse is actually saying the terror or dismay of the poor is their poverty.  When you look at it that way, it changes the way we read the verse.  While the poverty itself is terrorizing the poor, they can only focus on the terror and are befuddled by it so much it becomes their focus.  Be careful because we are often in the same boat.  The word “poverty” simply means lack or to be in want.  It may be that we can pay our bills and eat in the finest restaurants but our poverty might be in some other treasure.

Do you have something that terrorizes you?  Are you dismayed by some perplexing existence in your life?  If you do, maybe you need to condition your focus on what Wisdom would have you do.

16 The labour of the righteous tendeth to life: the fruit of the wicked to sin.

Do you find it interesting that so many seek with all their might to have certain things?  Take for instance automobiles.  Don’t get me wrong, having a nice car is not wrong but having one above your means is not right on many fronts.  It could even be considered sin if you let that object cause you to not tendeth to life.

17 He is in the way of life that keepeth instruction: but he that refuseth reproof erreth.

The word “keepeth” means to guard, observe or give heed.  Which means the instructions we get, we learn and observe them and by observe, I mean put them into practice.  This seems so obvious and so simple when we first read this.  However, if we think about how many times someone has tried to tell us something and we didn’t listen or thought they were wrong, there might be many times we ended up saying to ourselves, “I wish I would have listened.”  The word “reproof” means being corrected but in a more factual presentation.  Kind of like a lawyer would prove you were wrong by demonstrating all the facts surrounding the situation.

 If we are going to find ourselves “in the way of life” we are going to have to be open to being corrected.  We have to be humble enough to admit our mistakes.  Look at Hebrews 12:5-11, “5And ye have forgotten the exhortation which speaketh unto you as unto children, My son, despise not thou the chastening of the Lord, nor faint when thou art rebuked of him: 6For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth. 7If ye endure chastening, God dealeth with you as with sons; for what son is he whom the father chasteneth not? 8But if ye be without chastisement, whereof all are partakers, then are ye bastards, and not sons. 9Furthermore we have had fathers of our flesh which corrected us, and we gave them reverence: shall we not much rather be in subjection unto the Father of spirits, and live? 10For they verily for a few days chastened us after their own pleasure; but he for our profit, that we might be partakers of his holiness. 11Now no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous, but grievous: nevertheless afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruit of righteousness unto them which are exercised thereby.

18 He that hideth hatred with lying lips, and he that uttereth a slander, is a fool.

This is not a license to run out and tell those that we dislike how we dislike them but it is a serious conscience check.  First understand any lie is wrong, for it is the way of Satan and how he deceived Eve in the garden.  Colossians 3:9 "Lie not one to another, seeing that ye have put off the old man with his deeds;” Also, we need to realize that uttering anything false about someone in order to defame them is wrong too.  Consider this for a moment, saying something good about someone that we know to be false is also a lie.”  Wisdom will always urge truth from our lips.  Paul talks about our lips in Romans 3:13, “Their throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips:” This verse is talking about the fool who acts as though he or she likes someone but at the same time is trying to work their folly in such a was as to take advantage of them.  They are hiding their hatred.

19 In the multitude of words there wanteth not sin: but he that refraineth his lips is wise.

This verse is worded in such a way that is confusing.  It actually means when there is a multitude of words being used it is usually to hide or cover a sin.  Look at how the New American Standard Bible (NAS) words this verse; “When there are many words, transgression is unavoidable, But he who restrains his lips is wise.”  Basically this verse is telling us to not waist our time trying to talk our way out of trouble.  As in verse 17, we have to learn to face the chastening but more importantly we have to learn to use Wisdom.

20 The tongue of the just is as choice silver: the heart of the wicked is little worth.

The reason “the tongue of the just is as choice silver” is because from them there is no doubt in what they are saying.  There are no conniving intentions to be concerned about or false statements.  They tend to say it like it is.  In contrast, the things that are said by the wicked being from a heart of wickedness are always full of lies and deceit. 

21 The lips of the righteous feed many: but fools die for want of wisdom.

The word “feed” here is meant in a figurative form where the “righteous” gives comfort to those around them.  This verse carries on the thought of the previous verse in the sense of the “just” speak Wisdom.  There is no worry about the righteous and their intentions.  They are always concerned about truth, which is the foundation of Wisdom.

 Have you ever been in a situation where you would like to have known ahead of time the result of some action you took?  Fools often clamor and claw at the walls of the pit as they slide into the depths of hell.  Look carefully at the way this verse says what the fool desires.  They “die for want.”  This means when they are facing death, then they call out to Wisdom.  Remember Proverbs 1:24-32; “But since you rejected me when I called and no one gave heed when I stretched out my hand, 25 since you ignored all my advice and would not accept my rebuke, 26 I in turn will laugh at your disaster; I will mock when calamity overtakes you- 27 when calamity overtakes you like a storm, when disaster sweeps over you like a whirlwind, when distress and trouble overwhelm you. 28 "Then they will call to me but I will not answer; they will look for me but will not find me. 29 Since they hated knowledge and did not choose to fear the LORD, 30 since they would not accept my advice and spurned my rebuke, 31 they will eat the fruit of their ways and be filled with the fruit of their schemes. 32 For the waywardness of the simple will kill them, and the complacency of fools will destroy them;”(NIV)

22 The blessing of the LORD, it maketh rich, and he addeth no sorrow with it.

Your eyes may have fastened for a moment on the word “rich” as you read this verse.  The word means rich as in wealthy and having riches.  Notice too, there is no sorrow with these riches.  Being blessed of the LORD will bring riches without sorrow.  I think we should look here for a moment then at exactly what being blessed means.  There are many things that fall into the “being blessed” category which are indeed blessings but this verse is talking about “The blessing.”  This is a constant attention to even the most trivial things by the LORD.

23 It is as sport to a fool to do mischief: but a man of understanding hath wisdom.

The justification of fools when they execute their folly is to say it was “sport” or a game.  Understand as well, this is a condition of being caught.  The fool will never reveal their wickedness until there is no other way out.  The word “mischief” here means a plan of evil intentions and is translated as adultery as well.  I remember a radio program had a segment where they would offer someone the opportunity to send flowers to someone special for free.  All they had to do was give the name of the person and a nice bouquet of flowers were on their way.  There was a twist however, a caller would give the name of someone special in their lives and the radio program would call that person and present the offer as a special promotion of some fictitious flower store.  One time a lady called in and gave the name of her sweetheart.  The radio program called the gentleman, made their presentation and he agreed to have flowers sent.  When the radio program asked whom they should be sent to he gave the name of his wife and not the lady that called in.  When he heard the voice of the caller he conveniently said he was just kidding.

24 The fear of the wicked, it shall come upon him: but the desire of the righteous shall be granted.

The context of the word “fear” used here is terror.  This is the only place in the entire Bible this word is used.  It is derived from the Hebrew root word meaning to dwell, which means the fear is not sudden, but instead dwelling or long lasting.  The wicked spend the majority of their time conniving in order to make sure once their folly begins to unfold they themselves are not caught in the crossfire of calamity.  In other words they fear themselves because they think they are the best there is at their craft. (Obviously, due to their delusional state they would never confess to being wicked.) 

Those who are “righteous” are not in fear and even their desires will be granted.  You see, the desires of the righteous are righteous desires and therefore grantable.

25 As the whirlwind passeth, so is the wicked no more: but the righteous is an everlasting foundation.

Go back and look at verse 21 and read the verses quoted from chapter 1.  That is a great reference for explaining the process in which bring the wicked to be “no more.”  They are swept away by their own evil.  It is clearly a distinct choice to turn away from Wisdom and suffer the consequences of that choice.

An “everlasting foundation” is the basic purpose of any foundation whether it is for a building or some form of knowledge.  It is meant to be permanent and built upon.  It is not the final task but instead the rudimentary beginning to ensure what is added later has solid footing.  The righteous create solid footing for the future of their existence and not just them but generations to come. 

26 As vinegar to the teeth, and as smoke to the eyes, so is the sluggard to them that send him.

If you have ever asked someone to do something and found out later it was not done or done too late, you understand the pain this verse is talking about.  Smoke in the eyes is very painful and normally causes us to cover our eyes and turn away to elude further exposure.  We have all heard the old saying, “If you want something done right you have to do it yourself.”  This verse is similar but here it is more like, if you want it done at all.  The sluggard has purposed in his heart to find a way out of doing anything that requires effort.  Proverbs 22:13 “The slothful man saith, There is a lion without, I shall be slain in the streets.

27 The fear of the LORD prolongeth days: but the years of the wicked shall be shortened.

In Proverbs 8:13 we discussed in detail what “The fear of the LORD” involves.  Here is that list again;

a.       The fear of the LORD is to hate evil

b.       The fear of the LORD is to hate pride

c.       The fear of the LORD is to hate arrogance

d.       The fear of the LORD is to hate the evil way

e.       The fear of the LORD is to hate the froward mouth

If we avoid these things it makes sense that our days will be prolonged.  In contrast as we discussed in Proverbs 9:11 the one with Wisdom has less of the torments of day to day worries and in contrast the wicked are constantly looking over their shoulders to see who might be sneaking up to take them.  Just look back at verse 24 and how the wicked live.

28 The hope of the righteous shall be gladness: but the expectation of the wicked shall perish.

The righteous have in them hope which has a foundation of faith, faith has its foundation upon the LORD.  Knowing the LORD means to understand His desire for what our lives should resemble.  There are a multitude of promises for us once we are committed to serving Him.  Our hope is for the fruits of those promises, which in turn bring gladness.

In contrast the expectation of the wicked is the temporary satisfaction of skillfully executing their folly.  Once their folly has been executed they are quickly off to the next adventure.  Earlier in this chapter, verse 3: “The LORD…casteth away the substance of the wicked.”

29 The way of the LORD is strength to the upright: but destruction shall be to the workers of iniquity.

Knowing what is right brings strength and doing what is right brings courage.  Keeping the ways of the LORD makes us upright.  The word “upright” in this verse means integrity and completeness or fullness.  When we have this fullness it is the foundation of strength.

We should find it comforting to know the result of “the workers of iniquity” is destruction.  The workers of iniquity exhaust themselves in vain to obtain sustenance through the propagating of their wickedness.  It is not our concern to pass judgment or execute sentencing upon them.  They will eventually fall under the judgment of their peers (other wicked workers as they feed on themselves) or they will be judged by the LORD.

30 The righteous shall never be removed: but the wicked shall not inhabit the earth.

This is again another promise to the righteous from the LORD.  First, the righteous will never be removed but stand strong throughout time.  Secondly, the righteous one day will not cohabitate with the wicked.  Consider how that makes us feel and what is motivated by this promise.  We certainly find great courage to maintain our character when we understand one day our rest will be with the LORD. Hebrews 4:9 - 11 "There remaineth therefore a rest to the people of God. 10 For he that is entered into his rest, he also hath ceased from his own works, as God did from his. 11 Let us labour therefore to enter into that rest, lest any man fall after the same example of unbelief.”

31 The mouth of the just bringeth forth wisdom: but the froward tongue shall be cut out.

It may be true that the words which come from the mouth of the just cut through the flesh yet it is that purpose of Wisdom to purify and bring truth to all matters. Hebrews 4:12 "For the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart."  Stand in strength and receive the truth and then with courage give what Wisdom has given you to say in confidence. 

32 The lips of the righteous know what is acceptable: but the mouth of the wicked speaketh frowardness.

It only stands to reason that the work of the wicked be to speak frowardness in order to put forth their plan.  James 3:6 "And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity: so is the tongue among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course of nature; and it is set on fire of hell."  It also stands to reason that the righteous would know that those things are not acceptable.  Don’t get caught up in the deceptiveness of the wicked.  They can paint their folly many colors and the only way to recognize them is to know Truth.